Techno-Economic Assessment of Fixed-Tilt Bifacial Agrivoltaic Systems for BRRI dhan33 Rice Cultivation in Northern Bangladesh: A Simulation-Based Approach

This study develops a simulation-based techno-economic framework for evaluating fixed-tilt bifacial agrivoltaic systems integrated with BRRI dhan33 rice cultivation in northern Bangladesh. A controlled comparison of nine location–pitch configurations is performed using hourly climate data, bifacial PV modelling, Whole-Plot crop radiation analysis, water-saving scenarios, and a 25-year financial assessment. The study identifies the trade-off between electricity generation, crop preservation, and economic performance, providing a location-specific decision framework for sustainable food-energy integration in Bangladesh.