ESP32-Based Smart Fire and Gas Hazard Detection with Multi-Channel Alert Mechanisms for High-Risk Urban Buildings

Today, the fire leakage and gas leakage risks are
presenting a life and property threat, particularly in urban areas, where a lot of people are present. Traditional systems are slow to detect hazards, prone to false alarms and are not able to function when there’s a power or internet outage. These issues are addressed by our system. Our solution is based on
the ESP32 fire and gas detection system. To ensure accurate detection, multiple sensors are used in the system, such as the MQ-2 sensor, flame sensor, and DHT11 sensor which is used to measure temperature and humidity. These sensors feed into the ESP32, which analyzes the data and signals to look for any
potential hazards. When it is determined that there is a hazard, the system alerts the users using multiple methods. One way, they are alerted with a buzzer and LEDs if they are around. Moreover, a web dashboard and Telegram bot send live updates
and notifications online. If Wi-Fi is down, the system will transmit the alerts using the GSM module via SMS. We have developed a three-layer system that has ensured rapid and reliable delivery of the warning to the user. The result demonstrates the rapid detection, minimal risk of false alarms and robust performance even in challenging environments. The use of multi-sensor fusion for accurate and immediate hazard identification is one of the
important contributions of this research in the field of fire hazard detection, which will provide a timely alert with online and offline communication channels to the user.