Design and Analysis of LP01 Mode Hollow-Core Anti-Resonant Fiber with Hybrid Elliptical Geometry

This research endeavor represents a novel air filled anti-resonant hollow-core fiber (HC-ARF) designed to achieve ultra-low transmission loss as well as efficient LP₀₁ (single-mode) guidance. The fiber geometry is fine-tuned through successive parameter sweeps. This reduces the interaction between the guided optical field and the surrounding silica significantly, which lowers the propagation loss and improves the transmission performance. The optical characteristics of the proposed fiber are analyzed using FEM (Finite Element Method). The simulation results demonstrate an ultra-low confinement loss of 4.16 × 10⁻⁶ dB/m over the wavelength range of 1.4–1.7 μm. In addition, the fiber attains a Higher Order Mode Extinction Ratio (HOMER) approaching 100 which indicates the effective suppression of higher order modes and stable single mode operation. The bending performance is also excellent, with a value of only 7.35 × 10⁻⁵ dB/m at the standard telecommunication wavelength of 1.55 μm for bending radii larger than 10 cm. These results demonstrate that the proposed HC-ARF achieves low loss and high mode purity while retaining good bending resistance, all within a simple structural design. Its low loss and modal stability suit it to long haul optical communication and high speed data transmission, whereas the hollow core itself opens further use in optical sensing and high-power laser delivery around 1.55 μm.