A Multi-Factor Smart Motorcycle Ignition Interlock with Face Recognition, Helmet Verification, and Alcohol Screening

The significant contribution of this research is the development of a low-cost, integrated motorcycle ignition interlock that combines rider authentication, helmet-use verification, and alcohol screening within a single fail-safe decision framework. Unlike prior systems that typically address these functions separately, the proposed prototype permits ignition only when all three conditions are satisfied, thereby integrating theft prevention and rider safety at the point of vehicle startup. The system further demonstrates practical feasibility through embedded, cloud-independent face recognition, HC-12-based helmet-to-bike communication, controlled prototype validation, and a cost-conscious design suitable for resource-constrained settings.