A Multi-Backbone Graph Fusion Framework for 38-Class Plant Disease Classification

The main contributions of this research are summarized as follows:

• A unified diagnostic pipeline that integrates leaf localization, image enhancement, deep classification, multi-angle inference, and prediction analysis for complete plant disease diagnosis.

• A robust multi-backbone framework combining ViT-B/16, ResNet-50, and EfficientNet-B0 with graph fusion for reliable 38-class plant disease classification.

• An integrated diagnostic approach for plant disease recognition assessment under different illumination, background, and real-world field conditions.