Designing a Sustainable Gamified English-Speaking Ecosystem: A Human-Centered Framework for Resource-Constrained Universities

This paper proposes S-GAME, a human-centered and sustainable gamified framework for developing university students’ English-speaking skills in resource-constrained contexts. It contributes by aligning game mechanics with measurable speaking outcomes, embedding accessibility, privacy, teacher control, and low-connectivity support into the system design, and presenting a multidimensional evaluation plan covering learning, engagement, equity, operational cost, and environmental impact.